Salam

In January 1753, Augustus Gottlieb Spangenberg and a philanthropist, Cornelius van Reia, selected the three forts of Madi Creek as settlements and named them die Wachau (Wakovia in Latin) after the ancestral lands of Count Nikolaus von Tsinzendorf of Austria. The Bank of Wakobia was named after the place where the company was established. Later, he purchased 99,000 acres (400km2) of land from the second Count Granville, John Cartlette.

On November 17, 1753, the first settlers arrived at Besabala later. This town was not a major colony despite rapid growth. In 1759, several settlers expanded their land into nearby Besania. In the end, many people found easy land to live in the new town.

The chosen town was named Salem (from Shalom, which means "peace" in Hebrew), chosen by the late Count Tsinzendorf. On January 6, 1766, the first logging of the trees was done for construction. A public building of Christians gathered around the center of what is now called Salam Square was built, and Salam became a typical Moravian colony. Churches, unmarried members of the church, and the houses of nuns were all owned by the city. In 1848, the Moravian Brothers of North America were divided into two sections of the North-South Division by the Church Council, and the headquarters of the Southern Division were placed in Salem. Only believers were allowed to live in this area for a long time, but it was dissolved due to the Civil War. Many of the buildings of the time of the colonial period were moved to Old Salem and rebuilt. Salam Square and Goz Acre, a Christian cemetery since 1772, are the world-famous places of early morning worship for Moravian believers held every year on the morning of Easter. The worship is supported by all Moravia churches in the city, with thousands of followers visiting each year, and Winston Salem is also called the Easter City.

Winston

In 1849, Winston City was established, named after Joseph Winston, a local hero of the American Revolution, well known in Salem. Soon after, Winston and Salem were organized together as Forsyth County, and they succeeded in the industrial fields of tobacco, furniture, and textiles. In 1851, Winston became the capital of the county, and he planned to integrate Winston and Salem into a city, and the county building was built just a mile (1.6 km) from the town of Salem.

Winston Salem

Reynolds Building

In 1899, the U.S. Post Office merged the post offices that existed in both Salem and Winston, and in 1913, the city was officially merged with the U.S. Post Office as 'Winston-Salem' with a hyphen. However, the USPS address information system does not allow this hyphen.

The Reynolds family, which founded the R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, played an important role in both the history and the public life. In the 1940s, 60% of Winston Salem's workers worked at Reynolds or Haines textile plants. Reynolds Co. imported many French tobacco paper and Turkish tobacco leaves for production of Cammel and became the government-approved customs clearance site for 200 miles (about 320km) inland, making it the eighth largest customs clearance site in Japan in 1916.

In 1917, Reynolds Company bought 84 acres (about 340,000m²) of land in Winston Salem, built 180 houses and sold them to its employees for only the cost, and the area came to be called Reynolds Town. R. J. Reynolds died in 1918. Reynolds owned 121 houses in the city at that time.

Reynolds Building was completed in Winston Salem in 1929. Designed by William L. Lam, of the building's Shrive Ram and Salmon, the Art Deco building, is 314 feet (about 95.7m), a 21-story high rise building, the tallest building in the south of Baltimore, Maryland at the time of its completion and won the U.S. Architecture Award. Built in New York City in 1931, it is said to be a pioneer and model for the higher Empire State Building by the same designer. The staff of the Empire State Building respectfully sends cards to the Reynolds Building staff every year on Father's Day.

Winston Salem is located at 36 degrees 6 minutes 10 seconds north latitude 80 degrees 15 minutes 38 seconds west longitude. From Charlotte, it is located about 125km northeast, from Laurie, about 160km west, and from Greensboro, about 45km west. The height of the city is 296m.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Winston Salem City has a total area of 342.9km² (132.4^mi2). 335.7km² (129.6mi²) is land and 7.3km² (2.8mi²) is the water area. The area accounts for 0.81% of the total area.

climate

The climate of the Piedmont Triad region, including Winston Salem, is characterized by a clear four-season climate characterized by hot, humid summer, cold, and cold winter, but the climate of the summer is colder than that of the Norfolk/Virginia Beach, Wilmington, and so on along the coast, when entering the interior of the country, and so on. In the climate division of Keppen, Winston Salam belongs to a warm wet climate (Cfa) which is widely distributed on the east coast and in the south.

urban overview

Old Salem Streets

The downtown area of Winston Salem stretches northwest of a junction where two expressways (described later) meet on Route 52 and I-40 Business. Downtown is the center of operations in Winston Salem, with the 100 North Main Street (460 feet/140.2m, 34 stories), the tallest building in Piedmont Triad, the Winston Tower (410 feet/125.0m, 29 stories), the headquarters of the Wacovia Bank, the GMAC Tower (330 feet/100.6m, 210 stories), the headquarters of the GMAC Insurance Company, and the skyscraper buildings including the above-mentioned Reynolds Building. Downtown streets are well-defined, and the street running east-west is divided into east (E) and west with the main street as its border, and the street running north-south is divided into south (S) and north (N) with the first st street as its border. Additionally, the streets with numbers are set up only on the street north of 1st Street and east to west, and the number increases as they go north. On the other hand, the streets of the surrounding area are crowded.

To the south of the downtown area, you can see the original Salem streets and the historic Old Salem town, where the entire area is a museum. The Old Salem was designated a national historic building in 1966. In the north-west suburb of Winston Salem, there is the Besabala Historical District, and in the north-west is Besania, where the whole town is a historical district.

City Hall of Winston Salem

Winston Salem takes the City Manager system. The City Manager is employed by the City Council and is responsible for implementing the policies adopted by the City Council and supervising daily operations. The city assembly, a city legislative body, consists of eight councilors, who are responsible for, when necessary for the comprehensive welfare of the city, for the establishment of ordinances and regulations, for approving the city's budget and for the establishment of property taxes and charges. The mayor functions as the mayor of the city's official place on the official occasions, as well as attending the city council to vote when the vote is drawn (in this case, the mayor is a casting boat), playing a leading role in city policy decisions, coordinating between the city council and the city council, and taking special responsibility in emergencies. One mayor was elected from all the cities, and one member of the city assembly was elected from eight electoral districts, one from the north, northwest, northeast, west, east, southwest, southeast and south, and the term of office was four years.

The city hall, the center of the city administration, is located in downtown. Built in 1926, this Renaissance Revival style city hall was designated as a National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

From the 1880s to the 1980s, Winston Salem flourished in the tobacco and textile industries. The tobacco industry originated in the mid-19th century when farmers in and around Forsyth County started to grow tobacco, which is profitable. In the latter half of the 19th century, business men such as P.H. Haines and R.J. Reynolds appeared and the position of tobacco industry in the region was established. In 1767, at the beginning of the settlement of Salem, the textile industry had already started as a vital industry in settlements, where linen and leather gloves were produced. When the Salam Spinning Plant was established in 1837, Moravia brothers in Salem was established as a business by employing non-Moravia brothers. In 1900, when Haynes moved from the tobacco industry to clothing, the textile industry established itself as one of the two major industries in the area, along with the tobacco industry.

Since the 1990s, Winston Salem has been transformed from a city of tobacco and fiber into a city of high-tech industries such as biotechnology, medicine and nanotechnology, with the leadership of Wake Forest University. In 1993, the school bought the old warehouse of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company and established a research laboratory which later became the Pedermond Triad Community Research Center. In 2000, the school opened a research park called Piedmont Triad Research Park, which will be the center for biotechnology and related industries. In 2004, the school established the Nanotechnology Molecular Material Center. The university's Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center is the biggest employer at Winston Salem.

Junction of I-40 Business and National Route 52

The first airport in the Piedmont Triad, including Winston Salem, is located seven miles west of Greensboro (about 11km) and 21 miles east of the center of Winston Salem (about 34km). GSO). Within the city of Winston Salem, there is also Smith Reynolds Airport, about 3 miles northeast of downtown (about 5 km), a small airport called General Aviation, used for private, chartered and business jet and flight training. Winston Salem's civil aviation patrol (CAP) is based at Smith Reynolds Airport.

The interstate expressway, I-40, runs south of the city. I-40 is a highway that crosses the continent from inland in southern California to North Carolina, a high-profile highway that crosses the mountain's Ashville to Piedmont Triad and Research Triangle to Wilmington on the Atlantic coast, even in North Carolina. At the center of the Winston Salem, I-40 Business, a separate line for commuters from I-40, runs. The National Route 52, which meets I-40 Business in the southeast of downtown, is a highway standard, with the south facing Charlotte and north facing West Virginia and West Virginia. National Route 311, which branches and merges with I-40 in the southeastern part of the city, is also an expressway standard, and connects Winston Salem and High Point.

The Amtrak station is not located at Winston Salem but at Greensboro or High Point, the nearest station. At each of these two stations, the Crescent between New York and New Orleans, the Carolyan between New York and Charlotte, and the Piedmont between Rory and Charlotte stop.

Public transport in Winston-Salem is covered by a bus network operated by the Winston-Salem Transportation Bureau. The station operates Route 24 during the day and Route 7 during the night.

Wake Forest University

Wake Forest University has a 340-acre campus (about 1,376,000m²) in a residential area in the northwestern part of the city. The university was established in 1834 in Wake Forest, the northern suburb of Laurie, at a Baptist-affiliated medium-sized private university, and was transferred to Winston Salem in 1956. The university provides a liberal education similar to liberal arts colleges, although it is a university, by integrating the departments into one as Wake Forest College, and providing a small and elite education with a ratio of students to professors of 10:1 and an average class size of 21. On the other hand, the graduate school has a full range of professional graduate schools, including management, law, medicine and theology, as well as Arts and Sciences, which further deepen liberal arts. The school has about 4,400 students in the faculty and about 2,400 students in the graduate school. In the ranking of US News & World Report universities, the university is ranked next to Duke University among the private universities in North Carolina, and is always ranked at the top 25th of all the universities in the United States. Damon Daecons, a sports seam for the study, belongs to the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) at NCAA Division I, along with Duke University, the University of North Carolina, the Chapel Hill and the University of North Carolina.

The Salem Women's University, which has a campus of 64 acres (about 259,000m²) in the Old Salem, is the 15th longest university in the United States and has the longest history as a women's university, founded by the Moravian Brothers in 1772. In addition, a girls' high school called Salem Academy is also located on the campus. Although the school is a small liberal arts college, the faculty provides 35 major programs, and the graduate school provides a master's degree in teacher training and education.

Additionally, Winston Salem has a campus called Historical Black College, which is a university that gives higher education to African students, as well as the North Carolina University of Art, which specializes in art majors such as music, movies, dramas, design and dance.

The K-12 process at Winston Salem is supported by a public school under the jurisdiction of the District of Winston Salem Forsyth. The school district has 42 elementary schools, 16 junior high schools, 16 high schools and 17 magnet schools.

Reinolda House Museum of Art

The Old Salem Historic Area is a historic place where the area itself is a museum as mentioned above, and some of the buildings of the settlement period which were moved to this area, such as T. Bogler's gun smith shop and Salem Taban, are open to the public as museums. The gardens in the area are also open to the public and serve as a historical material to describe the salamums of the settlement period. The Museum of Early Southern Decoration (MESDA), located in the Old Salem neighborhood, exhibits works of art and crafts from the 1670s to the early 19th century in the south, including South Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Kentucky, Tennessee and Georgia, as well as the neighboring states of Virginia, Maryland, Kentucky, and Georgia.

In addition to the Old Salem, there are several museums and art galleries. The Reinorda House Museum, located near the campus of Wake Forest University in the northwestern part of the city, converted the R.J. Reynolds' residence built in 1917 to an art museum and opened to the public. The museum mainly exhibits modern American works of art such as Albert BIERSTAT, Mary KASAT, Frederick CHURCH, John Singleton COPPLEY, Thomas AKINS, Jacob LAWRENCE, Georgia OKEF, and Grant WOOD, and also stores and exhibits furniture and interior as decorative works of art in the south of the early 20th century. The Southeast Contemporary Art Center (SECCA), located near the Reinorda House Museum of Art, exhibits contemporary works of art both inside and outside the United States, as well as works that are closely related to the region, such as the exhibition of works by local artists and the opening of art classes. The Siworks in the northern part of the city is a science museum that exhibits exhibits not only Foucault's pendulum, but also the exhibits of physics, acoustics, health sciences and biology. In the Science and Environment Park, which is located alongside the Cypress Works, the museum exhibits outdoor exhibits that can be used to raise animals and learn them by touch.

urban population

The population of each county that forms the urban area of Winston Salem is as follows (Census of Japan 2010). For the population of the entire metropolitan area of Greensborough, Winston, Salem, and High Point, refer to the section on the population of the urban area of Greensborough (North Carolina).

Winston-Salem metropolitan area

urban population transition

The population transition from 1870 to 2010 in Winston Salem is shown below in a graph and table.

Winston Salem has established a sister-city relationship with the following five cities.

• Ungeni (Moldova)
• Bear, Ghana
• Yangpo Ward, Shanghai City (People's Republic of China)
• Buchanan (Liberia)
• Nassau (Bahamas)

• Keira Montgomery - Track and Field Athletes

• Official website of Winston-Salem, NC - Official Site (English)
• Winston-Salem Chamber of Commerce - Chamber of Commerce official site (English)
• Old Salem Museums & Gardens
• Winston-Salem, North Carolina - City-Data.com
• Winston-Salem, NC - Yahoo!Map